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The short answer

A septic system treats wastewater on-site. Waste flows to the tank, where solids settle as sludge and grease floats as scum. The liquid in the middle flows out to the drain field, where soil filters and absorbs it. Bacteria break down solids, which is why the tank still needs periodic pumping.

Related: Septic Tank Pumping · what septic work costs · pumping schedule calculator.

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Sources

Where these figures come from

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